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Arche (oratorio)

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ARCHE
Oratorio by Jörg Widmann
The composer in 2006
EnglishArk
PeriodContemporary
Commissioned byHamburg Philharmonic State Orchestra
Textby several authors, from the Bible and Mass
Language
  • German
  • Latin
Composed2016
Published2016 (2016): Mainz
PublisherSchott Music
Recorded13 January 2017 (2017-01-13)
Duration100:00[1]
Scoring
  • soprano
  • baritone
  • boy soprano
  • two children narrators
  • children's choir
  • two mixed choirs
  • organ
  • orchestra
Premiere
Date13 January 2017 (2017-01-13)
LocationElbphilharmonie, Hamburg
ConductorKent Nagano
PerformersHamburg Philharmonic State Orchestra

Arche (German: [ˈaʁçə] ⓘ; Ark, stylised as ARCHE) is an oratorio for soloists, choirs, organ and orchestra by Jörg Widmann. It was commissioned by Kent Nagano and the Hamburg Philharmonic State Orchestra for the opening of the Elbphilharmonie, Hamburg. In the premiere on 13 January 2017, he conducted 300 performers.

Background

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Elbphilharmonie (July 2015)

Jörg Widmann composed the oratorio ARCHE in 2016.[1] Kent Nagano commissioned a full-length work for choir and orchestra and did not make any content restrictions.[2] The commission of the Hamburg Philharmonic State Orchestra for the opening of the Elbphilharmonie has 300 performers with two soloists, two adult choirs and a children’s choir.[3][4] Two child narrators chronicle the acts of creation and the flood.[1] Widmann's work was inspired by the Elbphilharmonie under construction;[3] the concert hall looks like a ship.[a][6]

Structure

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ARCHE is structured in five sections,[b] in which Widmann roams through more than 3000 years of cultural and 300 years of music history.[8] Antithetic or dualistic conceptions characterize large parts of the oratorio.[9] Widmann juxtaposes word with deed, construction with destruction, love with hate and religious traditions with the ideals of enlightenment.[10] Sacred references are placed into a secular context.[11]

I – Fiat lux / Es werde Licht

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Beginning with silence: Let there be sound.[1] At first noise-like sounds of wind and nature and "pitchless rustles and whispers", representing chaos.[12][13][14] Air sounds and breath noises are created with wind instruments. The acts of creation are partly accompanied with heavenly chorales and burlesque, ironical musical episodes.[13] The two children narrators describe the act of creation.[15]

II – Sintflut

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The catastrophic character is manifested by cascading masses of sound.[17] The music of this section is partly taken from Scene II "Flood and Star Terror" of Widmann's opera Babylon.[18] The flood myth of Sumerian narratives, also manifested in the Epic of Gilgamesh, likely references an event around 6700 BC.[19] The punishing god acts brutally against humanity.[20]

III – Die Liebe

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  • The Love

The center section is characterized by antiphony between the lovers (soprano and baritone) with tragic operatic fragments.[21] All forms of love and hate are found within it – dark, bright, joyous, vile and jealousy.[7] Because of the jealousy of humans, Die Liebe leads to a double murder in a delusional fever.[22]

IV – Dies irae

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  • Day of wrath

The strict setting of Dies irae represents the impending apocalypse with the clash of good and evil and gods last judgement.[d][23][20] Diverse Requiem settings clash in a collage-like manner.[24] The human response is enlightenment and Friedrich Schiller's Ode to Joy.[e] Widmann sets verses of the poem to music, that Beethoven didn't use ("Destroy our book of guilt! Reconcile the whole world!").[24][26][14] His setting of the poem cites Beethoven's Choral Fantasy.[f][27]

V – Dona nobis pacem

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  • Grant us peace

Modern Zeitgeist is represented by an alphabet rap of the children's choir ("Facebook, Google, NATO").[11] The response is a Dona nobis pacem,[g] a plea for peace,[23] performed by a boy soprano and the choirs. Man bears the fate of the earth in his own hands.[22] Widmann did not set a catastrophic counterpoint in the final fifth movement.[28] The resolution of the final cadence is not complete,[29][14] the hope for love, charity and a rational humanity.[30]

Scoring

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The setting contains voices and a large orchestra.[1]

  • Vocal soloists: soprano, baritone, boy soprano
  • Choirs: children's choir, two mixed choirs
  • two children narrators (boy and girl)

Instrumentation

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  • Woodwinds: 4 flutes (all with B foot, all doubling piccolo, 3rd doubling alto flute, 4th doubling bass flute), 4 oboes (2nd doubling oboe d'amore, 3rd and 4th doubling lotus flute, 3rd doubling cor anglais, 4th doubling heckelphone), 4 clarinets in B♭ (all doubling in A, 2nd doubling clarinet in E♭, 3rd doubling bass clarinet in B♭, 4th doubling contrabass clarinet in B♭), 4 bassoons (3rd and 4th doubling double bassoon)
  • Brass: 6 horns (1st and 2nd doubling natural horn), 4 trumpets in C (1st and 2nd doubling in B♭, 1st doubling high B♭ ad lib.), 4 trombones (3rd and 4th doubling bass trombone ad lib.), tuba
  • Strings: 16 violins I, 14 violins II, 12 violas, 10 cellos, 8 double basses (all with 5 strings)
  • Percussion: 4 players, timpani
  • 2 harps, accordion, glass harmonica, 2 pianos (2nd doubling celesta), organ

Text

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The language of the oratorio is German and Latin. Widmann selected a variety of texts[14] from different centuries, including the libretti of his operas Das Gesicht im Spiegel and Babylon:[1]

and from Des Knaben Wunderhorn, Bible and Mass.

Premiere and performances

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Widmann's oratorio ARCHE had its world premiere on 13 January 2017 on the occasion of the opening festivities of the Elbphilharmonie in Hamburg.[31] It was performed by the Hamburg Philharmonic State Orchestra conducted by Kent Nagano. Soloists were Marlis Petersen (soprano), Thomas E. Bauer [de] (baritone), Gabriel Böer (boy soprano), and Jonna Plathe and Boris Özden (children narrators).[1] The choirs were Chor der Hamburgischen Staatsoper, Audi Jugendchorakademie and Hamburger Alsterspatzen.[1]

On 12 November 2022, Karina Canellakis conducted the Radio Filharmonisch Orkest at Concertgebouw, Amsterdam.[32]

On 4 and 5 June 2023, the oratorio was revived at Elbphilharmonie, Hamburg. Bauer would reprise his performance as the baritone soloist, while Mojca Erdmann sang the soprano solo.[33][34]

Reception

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A few German newspapers critically reviewed the premiere of ARCHE.[35][36][3][37][38] The neue musikzeitung stated that the oratorio is capable of winning a majority.[39] Eleonore Büning, reviewer of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, wrote about the enthusiasm of the audience, and that Widmann's splendid, richly orchestrated music breaks all genre and style boundaries.[40] Süddeutsche Zeitung wrote, that the work is diverging, and also undecided in its message.[41] Andrew Clements, reviewer of The Guardian, wrote about the CD production: "fails to convince".[42]

Awards

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Widmann received the Opus Klassik [de] "Composer of the Year" 2019 Award for ARCHE.[43] In 2023, the composer received the Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, General Music Director Kent Nagano became Honorary Conductor of the Hamburg Philharmonic State Orchestra.[33]

Recording

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Notes

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  1. ^ Hamburg has a long oratorio tradition with Georg Philipp Telemann and Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach.[5]
  2. ^ In analogy to the quintipartite form of the Ordinary Mass.[7]
  3. ^ See also Joseph Haydn's oratorio The Creation.
  4. ^ The Latin text Dies irae is usually part of a Requiem.
  5. ^ The poem Ode to Joy is rooted in the philosophy of the Enlightenment.[25]
  6. ^ The Choral Fantasy is a precursor of the last movement of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9.[26]
  7. ^ From the Catholic Mass liturgy.[7]

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "ARCHE (Score)". Schott Music. 2016. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  2. ^ Nagano & Delnon 2017, p. 9.
  3. ^ a b c Thiel, Markus (15 January 2017). "Stapellauf fürs Themenfrachtschiff". Münchner Merkur (in German). München. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
  4. ^ Besthorn 2024, p. 45.
  5. ^ Groote 2023, p. 114.
  6. ^ Groote 2023, p. 115.
  7. ^ a b c Rexroth, Dieter (2017). Widmann: Arche (booklet). Kent Nagano and Philharmonisches Staatsorchester Hamburg. ECM 2018. pp. 19, 20. OCLC 1082269254.
  8. ^ a b Roschinski, Markus (2019). "Jörg Widmann: Arche". Das Orchester. 3/2019: 71. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  9. ^ Nagano & Delnon 2017, pp. 11, 13, 16.
  10. ^ Besthorn 2024, pp. 44–45.
  11. ^ a b Groote 2023, p. 113.
  12. ^ Nagano & Delnon 2017, p. 10.
  13. ^ a b c Quantrill, Peter (December 2018). "Widmann Arche (Nagano)". Gramophone. London: Mark Allen Group. Archived from the original on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  14. ^ a b c d Wurzel, Christoph (15 January 2017). "In Widmanns Arche hat vieles Platz". Bachtrack (in German). Archived from the original on 27 April 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
  15. ^ Klier, Michael (21 October 2022). "Jörg Widmann: my music develops a life of its own". Bachtrack. Archived from the original on 25 October 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2022.
  16. ^ Besthorn 2024, pp. 43, 45, 46.
  17. ^ Brug, Manuel (15 January 2017). "Die Elbphilharmonie ist ein fantastisches Showgirl". Die Welt (in German). Hamburg. Archived from the original on 27 February 2017. Retrieved 9 September 2017.
  18. ^ Besthorn 2024, p. 41.
  19. ^ Besthorn 2024, pp. 41–42.
  20. ^ a b Besthorn 2024, pp. 42–43.
  21. ^ Nagano & Delnon 2017, p. 14.
  22. ^ a b Besthorn, Florian Henri (2019). "Jörg Widmann". KDG Online. Komponisten der Gegenwart.
  23. ^ a b Groote 2023, p. 112.
  24. ^ a b Besthorn 2024, p. 43.
  25. ^ Schulz, Bernhard (13 October 2011). ""Jeder Schuldschein sei zernichtet" Schillers "Ode an die Freude" wird versteigert". Der Tagesspiegel (in German). Berlin. Archived from the original on 27 September 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
  26. ^ a b Groote 2023, pp. 114–115.
  27. ^ Nagano & Delnon 2017, p. 12.
  28. ^ Besthorn 2024, p. 49.
  29. ^ Nagano & Delnon 2017, p. 15.
  30. ^ Besthorn 2024, pp. 42, 50.
  31. ^ "Elbphilharmonie programme, 13 January 2017". Archived from the original on 13 January 2017. Retrieved 3 September 2017.
  32. ^ "ARCHE". Schott Music (in German). Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  33. ^ a b "Ehrendirigentenwürde für Nagano: Bach-Preis für Jörg Widmann". Süddeutsche.de (in German). 4 June 2023. Archived from the original on 5 June 2023. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  34. ^ Grund, Stefan (6 June 2023). "Elbphilharmonie: Die allerletzte Generation". Die Welt (in German). Archived from the original on 6 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  35. ^ Frei, Marco (15 January 2017). "Kent Nagano dirigiert 'Arche' von Jörg Widmann". Abendzeitung München (in German). Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2024.
  36. ^ Sell, Barbara (14 January 2017). "Elbphilharmonie: Nagano triumphiert mit Widmanns "Arche"" (Press release) (in German). Hamburg: Frankfurter Neue Presse. dpa. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
  37. ^ Lesle, Lutz (16 January 2017). "Vor uns die Sintflut". Die Welt (in German). Hamburg. Archived from the original on 14 June 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
  38. ^ Jungblut, Peter (14 January 2017). "Mehr Pomp als Seele". BR-Klassik. Munich. Archived from the original on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  39. ^ Koch, Juan Martin (14 January 2017). "Mehrheitsfähiges aus dem Schiffsbauch: Zur Uraufführung von Jörg Widmanns Oratorium "Arche" in der Elbphilharmonie". nmz online (in German). neue musikzeitung. Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  40. ^ Büning, Eleonore (16 January 2017). "Hamburg rast vor Begeisterung". Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (in German). Frankfurt. Archived from the original on 12 June 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  41. ^ Spinola, Julia (15 January 2017). "Materialschlacht an der Elbe". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). München. Archived from the original on 7 August 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2017.
  42. ^ Clements, Andrew (1 November 2018). "Jörg Widmann: Arche review – ambitious welcome to the Elbphilharmonie fails to convince". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 1 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
  43. ^ O'Reilly, Chris (3 September 2019). "Opus Klassik Awards 2019". prestomusic.com. Leamington Spa: Presto Classical. Archived from the original on 6 August 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2019.
  44. ^ Widmann, Jörg; Nagano, Kent; Philharmonisches Staatsorchester (Hambourg) (2022), Arche oratorio for soloists, choirs, organ and orchestra (in German), [Allemagne], [France]: ECM, [Universal music France], OCLC 1313795688
  45. ^ Fischer-Zernin, Verena (6 October 2018). "Jörg Widmanns Elbphilharmonie-"Arche" auf CD". Hamburger Abendblatt (in German). Archived from the original on 6 October 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2018.

Sources

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